OSHA defines hazardous materials as “any substance or chemical which is hazardous to people’s health or is physically hazardous.” This includes chemicals such as carcinogens, irritants, corrosives, toxic agents, sensitizers, agents that damage the lungs, skin, eyes, or mucous membranes; chemicals that can combust, explode, are flammable, oxidizers, pyrophorics, unstable-reactive or water-reactive. The Hazardous Materials Information Resource System (HMIRS) is a Department of Defense (DoD) automated system developed and maintained by the Defense Logistics Agency. HMIRS is the central repository for Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for the United States Government military services and civil agencies. U.S. code definition •Hazardous materials are capable of creating harm to people, the environment, and property. © 2018 Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute HM 221 1-2-5 OSHA definition •Hazardous chemicals are chemicals posing risk to employees. Hazardous materials or by-products such as gases cannot always be seen or smelled. Internal or external harm from exposure does not always appear immediately. Every employee who works with or near large quantities of hazardous materials must know the steps to take and who to contact in the event of a spill. TAKE CARE WITH CHEMICALS: Hazardous materials (hazmat) are any material that has properties that may result in risk or injury to health and/or destruction of life or facilities. Many hazardous materials (hazmat) do not have a taste or an odor. Some can be detected because they cause physical reactions such as watering eyes or nausea. See Also: OSHA Instruction CPL 2-2.59A, Appendix E, Inspection Procedures for the Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard, 29 CFR 1910.120 and 1926.65, Paragraph (q): Emergency Response to Hazardous Substance Releases [04/24/98] For example, OSHA, EPA, and DOT publish lists of materials deemed hazardous. In our discipline of occupational health and safety, the six primary hazard categories are: Physical hazards The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) defines a hazardous material as any substance or chemical which is a “health hazard” or “physical hazard,” including: chemicals which are carcinogens, toxic agents, irritants, corrosives, sensitizers; Physical hazards include flammable materials, corrosive materials, and other physical dangers; health hazards include respiratory irritants, carcinogens, and other biological dangers. The other types of hazards listed in the OSHA definition of “hazardous chemical” are discussed in detail later in the HazCom 2012 regulation. According to OSHA, a hazardous substance is any biological and disease-ridden agent that can cause harm to the environment and human life with exposure (via inhalation, ingestion or assimilation). Exposure to those substances can lead to death, disease, behavioral issues, mutations, physical deformities, and cancer.
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